In spite of its undeniable benefits, breastfeeding in public remains a source of controversy and discomfort in many societies, including South Africa. For many mothers, feeding their baby outside the home is not simply a matter of convenience – it’ a necessity. And yet, disapproval or even disgust from the public is one of the reasons why some mothers often feel ashamed or marginalised when breastfeeding outside the home, with many citing fear of negative comments or judgement as reasons for not continuing their breastfeeding journey.
A study published in Maternal & Child Nutrition reveals that the attention of members of the public who observed breastfeeding was incorrectly focused on mothers as sexualised women, rather than as caregivers to infants who need feeding. Why is a child’s fundamental right to nourishment, care and connection – anywhere, anytime – still met with disapproving glances and social stigma?
This article explores the attitudes, legal rights, and challenges surrounding public breastfeeding in South Africa. It also offers practical strategies to help mothers breastfeed confidently, wherever they are.
Understanding the Rights of Breastfeeding Mothers in South Africa
Breast milk is often referred to as “liquid gold”—a dynamic, living fluid that adapts to the baby’s needs and offers unmatched nutritional and immunological benefits. Breastfeeding is one of the most natural and vital acts of motherhood—nourishing a child, fostering deep emotional bonds, and laying the foundation for lifelong health. In fact, The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, stating that optimal breastfeeding could save the lives of 820 000 children under the age of 5 years each year.
Breastfeeding in public is a human right. In South Africa, a mother has the legal right to breastfeed her child anywhere, anytime. There are no regulations prohibiting public breastfeeding, and the South African Constitution guarantees the rights to dignity and health, both of which support a mother’s choice to feed her baby whenever and wherever necessary. Furthermore, the Code of Good Practice on the protection of employees during pregnancy and after the birth of a child also promotes breastfeeding-friendly environments in the workplace. Breastfeeding is a natural, necessary, and legally protected act. Public breastfeeding is not about exhibitionism; it is about nourishment, bonding, and survival.
However, social acceptance of breastfeeding in public will require ongoing advocacy and education. As long as breasts continue to be sexualised and commodified in the media while being stigmatised in their biological function, public breastfeeding will remain controversial. Regardless, when more women breastfeed openly, society becomes more accustomed to seeing it, thus normalising the behaviour. It is therefore crucial to support and empower mothers in their choice, whether they breastfeed publicly or privately.
7 Practical Tips for Breastfeeding in Public
- Know Your Rights
Breastfeeding in public is legal in South Africa. Understanding your legal rights is essential, as it empowers you to stand your ground when faced with potential criticism or confrontation. Knowing that you are protected by the Constitution and labour codes can also provide reassurance in unfamiliar environments such as shopping centres, airports, or restaurants.
- Dress for Confidence and Access
Choosing the right clothing can significantly ease the breastfeeding experience. Opt for nursing-specific tops or regular clothing that allows easy breast access—such as button-down shirts, wrap dresses, or layered outfits. A popular trick is wearing a nursing tank top beneath a loose shirt, which enables you to lift the outer layer while keeping your midriff and chest area mostly covered. This small wardrobe adjustment can help you nurse discreetly while maintaining comfort.
- Use a Cover if Desired
While not required, using a lightweight scarf, muslin cloth, or nursing cover can provide additional privacy for mothers who feel self-conscious. It’s important to remember that using a cover is a personal choice—not a social obligation. Some babies may dislike being covered, especially in warm climates, so experiment at home to find what works for both you and your child. If a cover helps you feel more at ease and encourages you to breastfeed confidently in public, it’s a useful tool—not a compromise.
- Try a Sling or Wrap for Discreet Feeding
Baby carriers, slings, or wraps can be game-changers for breastfeeding mothers on the go. Not only do they support the baby physically, but many also allow for hands-free and discreet nursing. With a bit of practice, you can comfortably feed your baby while walking, shopping, or sitting in public without drawing attention. Choose a carrier with adjustable straps and breathable fabric to suit your body and climate.
- Respond to Disapproval with Grace
Unfortunately, negative reactions still occur. If you encounter a disapproving stare or unsolicited comment, respond with calm confidence. A simple smile or polite reply—such as, “I’m just feeding my baby”—can often diffuse the situation. If someone suggests you move to a washroom, you might respond with, “No thank you, my baby deserves to eat in a clean and comfortable space, just like anyone else.” Rehearsing your response in advance can help you stay composed if confronted.
- Plan Ahead for Comfortable Spots
Before heading out, identify breastfeeding-friendly venues such as cafés with private seating, malls with family rooms, or parks with shaded benches. Some establishments actively support breastfeeding and display “Breastfeeding Welcome Here” signage. Having a few comfortable and quiet go-to spots can help reduce anxiety, especially during the early stages of nursing.
- Focus on Your Baby
When in doubt, focus on the connection between you and your child. Remind yourself that you are doing what is best for your baby—feeding, bonding, and providing comfort.
Changing the Narrative
Mothers deserve to feel comfortable and respected wherever they choose to feed their children—whether it’s a park bench, a shopping mall, or a restaurant booth. By choosing to breastfeed—anytime, anywhere—they are contributing to their child’s health and development, as well as setting an example for future generations.
As more South African women continue to breastfeed confidently in public spaces, societal attitudes will shift, and what was once controversial will become commonplace. Supporting mothers is not only a matter of respect—it is a matter of public health.
References
- Fedhealth Baby Brunch Podcast. (2020). Breastfeeding 101: Your simplified how-to guide. Fedhealth. https://www.fedhealth.co.za/podcasts/podcast-breastfeeding-101-your-simplified-how-to-guide/
- Labour Guide. (n.d.). Code of good practice on pregnancy and afterbirth. https://labourguide.co.za/general/code-of-good-practice-on-pregnancy-and-afterbirth
- SABR. (2017). Breastfeeding in public is a human right. South African Breastmilk Reserve. https://www.sabr.org.za/news_article.html?contentID=29
- Thomas, K. (2022, August). New study reveals the public make it more difficult for women to breastfeed. Swansea University. https://www.swansea.ac.uk/press-office/news-events/news/2022/08/new-study-reveals-the-public-make-it-more-difficult-for-women-to-breastfeed-.php
- UNICEF. (2025). Breastfeeding. https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/breastfeeding/
- World Health Organization. (2023). Infant and young child feeding. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding
