So, how do you know whether you actually have it, or whether it is just an intolerance to something?

First of all, a bad bellyache or bout of the stomach flu isn’t irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBS is a gastrointestinal disorder largely attributed to miscommunication between the brain and the gut. That’s right: There’s likely nothing physically wrong with your body, which is insanely frustrating. Here’s what actually happens: The brain and the gut talk to each other via something called the brain-gut axis, and in IBS, the signals in both directions can be misinterpreted, resulting in changes in the gut that result in symptoms.

And the symptoms? They can be brutal. Abdominal pain, diarrhoea, constipation, bloating, mucus in your stool, low energy, and flatulence, are all common symptoms of IBS.

The condition is also broken down into subtypes based on the symptoms: IBS -C: Constipation type, IBS-D: Diarrhoea type, IBS-M: Mixed type (where you suffer from both diarrhoea and constipation), and IBS-U: Undefined type.

What causes IBS? The causes vary from person to person. Genetics could be a factor, or it might be triggered by something like changes in your gut due to an infection, or after antibiotics. Mental health issues may also play a role in IBS; a large number of patients who suffer from IBS also struggle with depression and anxiety.

And then there’s the whole diet thing – fatty or greasy foods, dairy, alcohol, or too much carbs, could all be triggers. However, the connection between foods and flareups are complicated. Something might be fine to eat today, but could cause symptoms tomorrow.

IBS is diagnosed by symptoms, not tests. Once you have a diagnosis, you’ll need to work closely with your doctor to identify your triggers (for example, whether you notice any symptoms after having dairy or at the end of a particularly stressful day).

Then, off course, it’s all about managing the beast. There is no cure, but it can be managed. Results have shown that around 70% of people with IBS that follow a low FODMAP diet (a collection of poorly absorbed simple and complex sugars found in a variety of fruits and vegetables, milk, and wheat), experience a reduction in symptoms. Consult with your physician here.

 If you have mild symptoms you might benefit from over-the-counter meds such as fibre supplements, laxatives, or anti-diarrhoea medication. If you have more severe symptoms, your doctor may advise prescription medication to reduce the symptoms.

Also, if your IBS seems to stem from mental health issues, it might be a good idea to enlist the help of a psychologist.

It is estimated that roughly 8% of South Africans suffer from IBS, and yes, it is more common in women, but guys can get it too. In fact, 1 in 3 people who have IBS are male.

IBS is a complex, long-standing illness which is often difficult to diagnose and debilitating to live with.

If you suspect that something is up, speak to your doctor sooner rather than later.

Source: webmd.com, theibsnetwork.org, viome.co.za, womenshealthmag.com, cosmopolitan.com

DISCLAIMER: The information on this website is for educational purposes only, and is not intended as medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If you are experiencing symptoms or need health advice, please consult a healthcare professional.